“垃圾”的英文怎么表達(dá)？

人們生活中時(shí)時(shí)刻刻都在制造垃圾，我們來(lái)看看與“垃圾”有關(guān)的一些英文表達(dá)。

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1. rubbish: all the paper, empty bottles, cans, pieces of food etc that you throw away

備注：''rubbish''是英式英語(yǔ)的用法。

例：

The dustmen collect the rubbish on Wednesdays. （收垃圾的人每周三收一次垃圾。）

There was rubbish and broken glass all over the grass. （草地上都是垃圾和碎玻璃。）

put/take out the rubbish (=put it in a rubbish bin outside your house ready to be collected)

Don't forget to put the rubbish out before you go to bed. （睡覺(jué)前別忘了倒垃圾。）

a rubbish bin (=a container for rubbish) 垃圾桶

Two stolen paintings have been found dumped in a rubbish bin. （那兩幅被偷走的畫(huà)已經(jīng)找到了，當(dāng)時(shí)被扔在垃圾桶里。）

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2. garbage/trash: all the paper, empty bottles, cans, pieces of food etc that you throw away

備注：''garbage/trash''是美式英語(yǔ)的用法。

例：

There were piles of trash in the backyard. （后院有好多垃圾。）

take out the garbage/trash (=put it in a garbage can outside your house ready to be collected)

I do all the chores, from picking up the groceries to taking out the garbage. （我做了好多家務(wù)活，買(mǎi)生活用品，倒垃圾，不一而足。）

garbage/trash can (=a container for garbage) 垃圾桶

Will someone please empty this trash can! （誰(shuí)去倒下垃圾桶！）

garbage truck (=a truck that takes away garbage)

Ken drives a garbage truck for a living. （肯開(kāi)垃圾車(chē)，維持生計(jì)。）

《老爸老媽浪漫史》S01E15例子：

情境：

Marshall:?I took the only good part of backgammon, the "gammon," and I left the rest of it in the trash where it belongs. （我只取了它名字好的那部分——后半部分，前半部分被我扔到垃圾桶了，本來(lái)就該呆在垃圾桶里的?。?/span>

題外話：

現(xiàn)在中國(guó)麗江、大理這些旅游景區(qū)，有很多白人老外，每天似乎就過(guò)著紙醉金迷的生活，泡吧泡妹。我們別以為老外都是這個(gè)樣子，其實(shí)他們是在自己國(guó)內(nèi)不好混，才來(lái)中國(guó)的。英文里也有一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)形容這類(lèi)人的詞，叫''white trash''，望文生義，意思大家可以自己體會(huì)。

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3. waste paper: paper that you throw away, especially because it has been used

例：

There are two bins. One is for glass and one is for waste paper. （有兩個(gè)垃圾桶，一個(gè)裝廢玻璃，一個(gè)裝廢紙。）

waste paper bin/basket 廢紙簍（''waste paper bin''是英式英語(yǔ)的用法，''waste paper basket''是美式英語(yǔ)的用法。）

She crumpled the letter up and put it in the waste paper basket. （她把信揉成一團(tuán)仍在廢紙簍里。）

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4. litter: waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place

備注：''litter''指公共場(chǎng)所的垃圾。

例：

These streets are full of litter. （大街上全是垃圾。）

drop litter

You can be fined ￡100 for dropping litter. （亂扔垃圾罰款￡100。）

pick up litter

I am tired of picking up litter thrown by other people. （我撿垃圾撿得煩死了。）

litter bin / basket 垃圾桶

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5. refuse: all the things that are regularly thrown away from the houses, shops etc in an area

備注：''refuse''是正式的用法。

例：

Heaps of decaying refuse littered every street. （街上堆滿(mǎn)了腐壞的垃圾。）

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6. waste: useless materials which are left over, especially after an industrial process, and which must be thrown away

例：

Too much waste has been dumped into the North Sea. （往北海傾倒了太多垃圾了。）