英文長句復句翻譯克服難點竅門

在英語閱讀中，我們時長發(fā)現(xiàn)一些句式冗長機構復雜的語句文段，往往很難準確的理解并翻譯出來。同時因為中文和英文的思維方式的區(qū)別，以及語法機構的不同，導致閱讀表達的意思難以被表達出來。要想克服英語長難句的翻譯，不僅僅要擴充詞匯量，更多的也需要語法知識結構的積累。在英語長句的翻譯過程中,可以一般采取下列的方法。

1、句式轉換法

在翻譯過程中，選擇把目標句式，復雜長句轉化成簡單陳述句。原始句式雖然很長，但是可以改成一般語法結構最簡單的幾個短句，保持語義基本不變，把一些連詞等等去掉，同時把一些詞語改換成近義詞、同義詞。改變英語用長的句子表達比較復雜的概念,用漢語則不同改用若干短句,層次分明的闡述。在翻譯時候，注意英語和漢語之間的差異,將英語的長句肢解,翻譯成漢語的簡單句式。

In the process of translation, choose the target sentence, complex long sentences into simple statements. Although the original sentence pattern is very long, it can be changed to the simple sentence with the simplest grammatical structure, the basic semantic remains unchanged, the conjunctions and so on removed, and some words are changed into synonyms and synonyms. Change the length of the sentence with English to express more complex concepts, use different Chinese to use a number of phrases, structured explanation.

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2、邏輯順序法

不管是英文還是中文敘述，在闡述一個事物時候，按照一定的邏輯順序分步驟表達的，其中可能包含：動作的先后，時間的先后，地點的轉換、空間的轉換以及事實正常發(fā)展順序進行陳述的。這些在中文習慣的表達方式里面也同樣存在，直接順從原文的意思逐步分情況表達即可。一般的事物發(fā)生發(fā)展的情況大致是類似的，按照事實存在的遞進關系翻譯，不會出錯。同時保持與原文內容一致，不發(fā)生歧義符合中文表達習慣即可。

No matter English or Chinese narration, elaboration of a thing, according to a certain logical order, step by step expression, which may include: the movement of the first time, the place of conversion, spatial transformation and the normal development of the order of the truth . These expressions also exist in Chinese habits which also exist directly under the meaning of the original text can be divided into sub-conditions can be expressed. The general development of things is generally similar, according to the fact that the progressive relationship between translation, will not go wrong. At the same time keep consistent with the original content, there is no ambiguity in line with Chinese expression habits.

3、拆解分析法

英文和中文一樣有自己獨特的語法結構，句式總是會有自己的一些固定表達或者固定搭配，英語句式長的原因，一般是采用了復句或者從句，同時有關的形容詞、副詞狀語等等修飾成分比較多，再者含有并列的語法結構。針對這樣的句式，需要把句子拆解。同時拆解句子要注意，首先把持句子的主干不變，句子的核心單獨拿出來保持語句成分完整，其余的部分定語、狀語、同位語、定語從句、狀語從句部分均可拆譯，翻譯時候符合中文表達習慣。

English and Chinese have their own unique grammatical structure, the sentence will always have some of their own fixed expression or fixed collocation, the reasons for the long sentence in English, the general is the use of complex or clause, and related adjectives, adverbial adverbs and so on More modified components, in addition to the syntax of the parallel structure. For such a sentence, the sentence needs to be dismantled. At the same time Super sister sentence should pay attention to, first of all, hold the backbone of the sentence unchanged, the core of the sentence separately to keep the sentence composition is complete, the rest of the attributive, adverbial, appositive, attributive clause, adverbial clause part can be translated, Chinese expression habits.

4、同位替換法

在英語長句中,三個并列的謂語結構,還有一個定語從句,這三個并列的謂語結構盡管在結構上同屬于同一個句子,但都有獨立的意義,因此在翻譯時,可以采用分句法,按照漢語的習慣把整個句子轉化成幾個獨立的類似排比的句子，事實上,在翻譯一個英語長句時,并不只是單純地使用一種翻譯方法,而是要求我們把各種方法綜合使用,這在我們上面所舉的例子中也有所體現(xiàn)

In English long sentences, there are three parallel predicate structures and one attributive clause. These three parallel predicate structures have independent meanings even though they all belong to the same sentence in structure, so they can be used in translation In fact, when translating an English long sentence, it is not merely to use a translation method, but to ask us to put all kinds of sentences into different kinds The method is used in combination, which is also reflected in our example above

以上幾點就是針對英語學習中遇到長句復雜句式翻譯的要點，畢竟翻譯是建立在一定的英語基礎知識之上的，如果希望自己的翻譯富有內涵或者有文采，那么就需要足夠的英語詞匯量和扎實的英語語法基礎，同時還需要有強烈的語感，這樣對于理解翻譯英文語句才是最有力的幫助。