英語的比較級(Comparative Degree),顧名思義就是將二者進(jìn)行比較產(chǎn)生的詞形,是由形容詞原級轉(zhuǎn)化而來的,一般是在原級后面加er,也有一些不規(guī)則的轉(zhuǎn)化,比如good—better,bad—worse,太多不一一舉例。
相對二者的比較,還有三者及以上的比較,這時就產(chǎn)生了最高級。在英語中通常用下列方式表示的詞:在形容詞或副詞前加more(如more natural,more clearly )或加后綴-er(newer,sooner )。
同級比較
1、由“...a(chǎn)s +形容詞原型+ as...”或“...a(chǎn)s +形容詞+名詞+ as...”構(gòu)成。
1)Exercise is as useful a way as any other to lose unwanted weight.
2)I try to find as much information as I can about what happened.
2、由“...not so(as)+形容詞或副詞原型+ as...”或“...not so(as)+形容詞+名詞+ as...”構(gòu)成。
Luckily,the weather is not so wet as it is today.
降級比較
由“……形容詞比較級+ than...”構(gòu)成。
He is more concerned about others than about himself.
由“...many / much more +可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+ than...”
My friend earned much more money than I did last year.
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比較級表示最高級
英語中用比較級句型可以表最高級的含義,較為常見的有下列幾種形式:
1、直接使用比較級
①How beautiful she sings! I've never heard a better voice. = She has the best voice I've ever heard.②I have never read a more interesting novel. = It is the most interesting novel I've ever read.
any other + n.(單)
2、比較級+ than + the other +n.(復(fù))
any of the other + n.(復(fù))
①She goes to school earlier than the other girls.②He works harder than any other student.
3、比較級+ than + anything/ anyone else
①George did more work than anyone else.②Tom cared more for money than for anything else.
4、在比較句型中使用"no", "nobody", "nothing" + better than… 等詞。
①I like nothing better than swimming.②Nobody can do the work better than he did.
③No other building is as grand as the new hotel.
5、one of + the +adj.最高級+ n.(復(fù)) “最 ??的??之一”eg. Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions of ancient China.
6、the +序數(shù)詞+ adj.最高級+ n.(單)+ in短語 “第幾(長、大、遠(yuǎn))??”eg. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
7、adj.最高級 可用在選擇疑問句中,常用句型:Which/ Who…A, B or C?
Which city is the biggest, Beijing, Shanghai or Chongqing?
8、當(dāng)adj.最高級 前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格 修飾時,省掉最高級前的定冠詞the。
Linda is my sister’s best friend.
關(guān)于比較級的詞匯變化形式和規(guī)律:
1、?單音節(jié)形容詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞,一般在詞尾加-er。
2、?以字母e結(jié)尾的詞,在詞尾直接加-r。
3、重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母,元音發(fā)短音時,雙寫尾字母,再加er。
4、以"輔音字母+y“結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,變”y“為”i“,再加-er。
5、多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞,在詞前加”more“。
6、部分形容詞和副詞的比較級是不規(guī)則的,如:good/well-better,bad/badly-worse。
7、由“動詞+后綴-ing/-ed”構(gòu)成的形容詞,在詞前加more構(gòu)成比較級。如:interesting-more interesting,bored-more bored。
8、由“形容詞+后綴-ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在該副詞前加more構(gòu)成比較級。如:slowly-more slowly,happily- more happily。
總體上英語的比較級,最高級語法知識點不是太多,語法結(jié)構(gòu)不是太復(fù)雜,學(xué)習(xí)運用好英語比較級可以使得英語大增光彩,英語寫作和閱讀中廣泛運用。
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