中文說得好,不積跬步無以至千里,英語學(xué)習(xí)就是需要從一點(diǎn)一滴開始做起,小編現(xiàn)在給大家羅列國人時(shí)常用錯(cuò)的英語詞匯語法小知識(shí),在學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)程中從來需要注重潛移默化中由小及大,由易到難的模式,現(xiàn)在幫助大家查漏補(bǔ)缺搞定日常容易疏忽錯(cuò)漏的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。
1、? light,n光 ,v點(diǎn)燃,adj輕的,淺的,淡的????
這個(gè)桌子上有一盞亮著的臺(tái)燈[誤]There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?[正]There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.
注意:? light有兩個(gè)過去分詞:lighted和lit,當(dāng)用過去分詞作形容詞當(dāng)定語時(shí)只能用lighted. light可以用作名詞,如:The moon gets its light from the sun.也可以作形容詞,如:The classroom is very light.還可以作動(dòng)詞,如:The little girl lit a match.作形容詞時(shí)還有"輕"、"淺"等意,如:This box is light. I like light blue.
2、like V喜歡,conj像???
(1)我妹妹長得跟我十分相像 [誤]My sister is very as me.[正]My sister is very like me.
注意:as作為連詞其后要接從句,如:She is a good student as his brother used to be.而like是介詞,其后接賓語。
(2)你今天晚上想要/喜歡 跟我一起游泳嗎?[誤]Do you like swimming with me tonight.
[正]Would you like to swim with me tonight.
注意?:like作為動(dòng)詞當(dāng)"喜歡"講時(shí),其后面可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞,用不定式多表達(dá)一個(gè)一次性的動(dòng)作,如:I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight.用動(dòng)名詞則表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,如:I like swimming very much.
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(3)like和alike作為形容詞,alike一般不作定語,而只作表語,如;The twins are very alike.
[誤]Would you like swimming with us??[正]Would you like to swim with us?
注意 :在would you like…這一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接動(dòng)名詞。like的用法還要注意以下兩點(diǎn): ①He likes Tom.為"他喜歡湯姆。"②He is like Tom.為"他像湯姆。"第二句話的like為介詞,而第一句話的like為動(dòng)詞。
3、listen? v動(dòng)詞,表示 聽(動(dòng)作)
你應(yīng)該聽取老師的建議[誤]You should hear the teacher's advice.?[正]You should listen to the teacher's advice.
注意:hear多側(cè)重于聽到某事或某種聲音,hear表示有沒有聽到,注重聽的結(jié)果有沒有收到,而listen to則側(cè)重于聽的傾向性,注重動(dòng)作,不管有沒有聽到實(shí)際內(nèi)容。 如:We listen but hear nothing.例為"聽取某人意見",所以只能用listen to someone's advice.
4、Little小的,一點(diǎn)???????
(1)不要著急!還有一點(diǎn)時(shí)間[誤]Don't worry, there is little time.?[正]Don't worry, there is a little time.。?沒有水了,我是不是應(yīng)該去取點(diǎn)水?[誤]There is a little water. Shall I get some?[正]There is little water. Shall I get some?
注意:要注意中英文在同一問題上的表達(dá)法是不同的。A little連用表示“還有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”,實(shí)際不多的意思,但是“l(fā)ittle”單獨(dú)用, 表示幾乎沒有的意思,哪怕有也少到可以忽略。所以在中英文翻譯的時(shí)候,需要強(qiáng)調(diào)?,如中文:"水不多了,我去取點(diǎn)吧。"英文要講"沒水了,我去取點(diǎn)吧。"
(2)Little?和small
little與small是近義詞,在作定語時(shí)常??梢曰Q,如:a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表語,如:The car over there is small.一句中不要用little.作定語時(shí)little常常帶有感情色彩,而small則帶有對比的含義。Little形容小,更多的是抽象意義上的小,small形容小,更多是形容大小實(shí)際尺寸的。
5、live,v生存生活居住,, adj.活的;生動(dòng)的;實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的;精力充沛的
(1)湯姆依靠父母的錢生活。[誤]Tom lives with his parents' money.[正]Tom lives on his parents' money.他以教書為生?。[誤]He lives on teaching.??[正]He lives by teaching.
注意:"靠吃某物為生"應(yīng)用live on something,而live by是"靠某種生活手段為生"。
(2)living?和alive
living側(cè)重于生活得很好,身體不錯(cuò),如:My grandfather is still living in his eighties.而alive則強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有死而是活著的,如:Is that cat alive or dead?
6、Lonely和alone?
她想要獨(dú)自一個(gè)人做作業(yè)。[誤]She wanted to do her homework lonely.?[正]She wanted to do her homework alone.
注意:lonely意為"寂寞的"、"孤單的"是形容詞?,如:The old man felt lonely.?? alone則意為"獨(dú)自的"、"單獨(dú)的",如:He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.
Alone表示一個(gè)人獨(dú)自, 但不表示一個(gè)人就是孤單的, 而lonely就是孤單的,寂寞的,哪怕一個(gè)人被一圈人包圍,還有會(huì)感到“寂寞的,孤獨(dú)的”,“寂寞空虛冷”是用lonely形容。
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