57個常見的英語詞組陷阱,坑了不少考生,看你有多“聰明”!1. as likely as not 多半,說不定【例句】he will catch up with them as likely as not.【誤解】他不可能會趕上他們。【正確】他很可能會趕上他們?!菊f明】as likely as not含有肯定意義,表示"多半"、"說不定"。例如:he will succeed as likely as not. 他多半會成功。the o
57個常見的英語詞組陷阱,坑了不少考生,看你有多“聰明”!
1. as likely as not 多半,說不定
【例句】he will catch up with them as likely as not.
【說明】as likely as not含有肯定意義,表示"多半"、"說不定"。例如:
he will succeed as likely as not. 他多半會成功。
【例句】it's raining this afternoon, as like as not.
【說明】as like as not是固定短語,意思是"很可能"、"大概"。
【例句】—has helen finished his homework? —ask me another.
【誤解】—海倫完成作業(yè)了嗎?—問我另一個問題吧。
【說明】ask me another是口語,意思是“我不知道”。
4. ask for the floor 要求發(fā)言
【例句】he stood up and asked for the floor.
【說明】ask for the floor意思是"要求發(fā)言",這里的the floor指"(會議的)發(fā)言權(quán)"。與此有關(guān)的習(xí)語還有g(shù)ive the floor(<會議主席>同意發(fā)言)、have/get/obtain the floor(獲得發(fā)言的機會)、hold the floor(控制住發(fā)言權(quán)不放,作冗長的講話)、take the floor(起立發(fā)言)等。
5. ask for one’s cards 要求辭職
【例句】he found the general manager and asked for his cards.
【說明】ask for one’s cards意思是“要求辭職”。
【例句】you are asking for it.
【說明】ask for it是口語,意思是“自找麻煩”、“自討苦吃”,也可以用ask for trouble。
7. as high as a kite 爛醉如泥
【例句】look. he is as high as a kite now.
【說明】as high as a kite是美國俚語,意思是"爛醉如泥"。
8. as good as gold 很乖,很聽話
【例句】julie's baby is as good as gold.
【說明】as good as gold是習(xí)語,意思是"很乖"。
【例句】sometimes his words are as clear as mud.
【說明】as clear as mud是口語,意思是"極難理解的"。
10. as blind as a bat 判斷力差,有眼無珠
【例句】our boss is as blind as a bat. all those obvious drawbacks have escaped him.
【誤解】我們老板瞎得跟蝙蝠一樣,那些明顯的弊病他都視而不見。
【正確】我們老板真是有眼無珠,連那些明顯的弊病都視而不見。
【說明】蝙蝠眼睛看不見,它靠超聲波判別方向,從而完成捕食和飛行等一系列活動。所以,as blind as a bat形容一個人的"視力極差",并引申為"判斷力差"和"有眼無珠"。
11. around the clock 連續(xù)一整天,晝夜不停地
【例句】he worked around the clock.
【說明】around the clock是固定短語,意思是"連續(xù)一整天"、"晝夜不停地"。
【例句】barbara is like april weather.
【說明】april weather是比喻用法,意思是"喜怒無常"、"一會兒哭,一會兒笑"。
13. apple polisher 馬屁精,奉承者
【例句】nobody likes her because she's an apple polisher.
【說明】apple polisher是美國口語,意思是"馬屁精"、"奉承者"。
【例句】many people like to eat apples of love.
【說明】apple of love意思是“西紅柿”,不是“愛情之果”。相傳,公元16世紀的時候,西班牙從南美洲引進西紅柿,后來又流傳到摩洛哥;而從摩洛哥返鄉(xiāng)的意大利商人,就把西紅柿稱為“摩爾人的蘋果”(pomo dei moro, apple of the moors)。由于意大利文的dei moro(摩爾人的)與法文的d’amour(愛情的)發(fā)音相近,因此法國人就把pomo dei moro(摩爾人的蘋果)誤認為pomme d’amour(愛情的蘋果)了。所以當這種水果輾轉(zhuǎn)傳播到英國時,就產(chǎn)生了apple of love/love apple之說了。
15. a piece of cake 很簡單的事
【例句】-how do you do that? -it's a piece of cake! watch!
【說明】a piece of cake意思是"很簡單的事"。
16. anything but 根本不是,一點也不
【例句】we'd been warned he was a frail, withdrawn man, but when i met him he was anything but.
【誤解】有人告訴我們他是一個脆弱內(nèi)向的人,可當我看到他時,發(fā)現(xiàn)他什么事都能做。
【正確】有人告訴我們他是一個脆弱內(nèi)向的人,可當我看到他時,發(fā)現(xiàn)他并非如此。
【說明】anything but是固定短語,意思是"根本不是"、"一點也不"。
17. answer the call of nature 解小便
【例句】i want to answer the call of nature.
【說明】answer the call of nature是俚語,意思是"解小便"。
18. another pair of shoes 另外一碼事,另當別論
【例句】if you say he's your friend, that's another pair of shoes.
【誤解】如果你說他是你的朋友,那就是要另一雙鞋了。
【說明】another pair of shoes是一種比喻說法,意思是"另外一碼事"、"另當別論"。
【例句】he is full of animal spirits.
【說明】animal spirits意思是"生氣"、"活力"。
【例句】martin spent an eight days to do that.
【說明】an eight days是"一星期",不是"8天"。
21. a near go 幸免于難,極僥幸地逃脫
【例句】how dangerous it is! we just had a near go.
【說明】a near go和a near escape同義,指"幸免于難"、"極僥幸地逃脫",這是口語里的習(xí)慣表達法。
【例句】i bought sugar, tea, eggs and what not.
【說明】and what not是習(xí)語,意思是"等東西"、"諸如"。
23. and company 及其朋友們,及其同事們
【例句】-who is going to the party? -jim and company.
【說明】and company在這里是口語,用于某人的名字之后,意思是"及其朋友們"、"及其同事們"。
24. an arm and a leg 一大筆錢
【例句】he got an arm and a leg from the business.
【說明】在這里,an arm and a leg是習(xí)語,意思是"一大筆錢"。
【例句】i like flowers, especially american beauty.
【說明】american beauty是一種植物名,意思是"月月紅",是生長在美國的一種薔薇花,一年四季都開著大朵的紫紅色花。
【例句】it's a long distance from new york.
【說明】a long distance指的是"長途電話"。"長途電話"還可以說a long-distance call或a trunk call。例如:
this is a long-distance call, so you'd better say something very briefly. 這是長途電話,所以你最好說得簡短點兒。
27. all woman 最標準的女性,最理想的女性
【例句】nancy is considered all woman.
【說明】all woman是口語,意思是"最標準的女性"、"最理想的女性"。
28. all to nothing 百分百地,一定
【例句】it's all to nothing that they will succeed.
【說明】all to nothing意思是"百分百地"、"一定"。
【例句】there was 12 members in the team, all told.
【說明】all told意思是"總共"、"共計"。
【例句】you are all thumbs. let me help you move these vases.
【誤解】你的手指都是拇指,讓我?guī)湍惆徇@些花瓶吧。
【正確】你這個人笨手笨腳,讓我?guī)湍惆徇@些花瓶吧。
【說明】all thumbs是固定短語,意思是"笨手笨腳"。
31. all the world and his wife 所有的人,人人
【例句】all the world and his wife were friendly to him.
【說明】all the world and his wife是固定短語,意思是"人人"、"每個人"、"所有的人"、"不分男女"等。
32. all greek to sb. 對某人來說一竅不通
【例句】the computer language is all greek to me.
【說明】all greek to sb. 字面為對某人來說是希臘語。由于許多人認為greek難學(xué)難懂,所以,這一習(xí)語就表示"為某人所不理解"、"不懂"。
33. all abroad 感到莫名其妙,(某事)離譜
【例句】her husband was all abroad when she shouted at him.
【說明】(be) all abroad是個固定短語,意思是"感到莫名其妙"、"(某事)離譜"。
34. against the clock 盡快完成
【例句】they had to work against the clock to meet the deadline.
【說明】against the clock就是"和時間賽跑"、"盡快完成"。例如:
in the tournament, games are played against the clock. 在聯(lián)賽中,比賽還有時間限制。
35. after the fashion 流行的,時髦的
【例句】the dress is after the fashion.
【說明】after the fashion等同于in the fashion,意思是"流行的"、"時髦的"。
36. afternoon farmer 不守時刻的人,懶漢
【例句】no one will hire an afternoon farmer.
【誤解】沒人會雇用一個下午干活的農(nóng)夫的。
【說明】afternoon farmer表示"不守時刻的人"、"失去最好工作時間的人"、"懶漢"。
37. after a fashion 勉強,馬馬虎虎
【例句】he can sing a few english songs after a fashion.
【說明】after a fashion是習(xí)語,意思是"勉強"、"馬馬虎虎"。
38. african american 非洲裔美國人,美國黑人
【例句】african americans have made great contribution to the local economy.
【誤解】非洲的美國人為當?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟作出了很大的貢獻。
【正確】美國黑人為當?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟作出了很大的貢獻。
【說明】african american意思是"非洲裔美國人"、"美國黑人",而不是"非洲的美國人"。類似例子還有:chinese american意思是"華裔美人";american chinese意思是"美裔華人"。
39. a fine/good selection of 很多,大量
【例句】that shop has a good selection of hats.
【說明】短語a fine/good/wide selection of是指“數(shù)量多”,而并非指“質(zhì)量好”。例如:
this shop has a fine selection of cheese. 這家商店有很多乳酪出售。
the store had a wide selection of brackets for you to choose. 這家商店有多種多樣的手鐲供你選購。
there’s very little selection of winter clothes in the spring. 春天沒有什么可選購的冬季服裝。
40. advertise oneself 吹噓自己
【例句】she's always advertising herself.
【說明】advertise oneself并非"登廣告出賣自己",而是"吹噓自己"、"努力使人注意自己"。
【例句】children are prohibited to watch adult movies.
【說明】adult movies意思是"色情電影",現(xiàn)在也直譯為"成人電影"。同樣地,adult magazines意思是"色情雜志"。
【例句】the doctor examined his adam’s apple and prescribed some medicine.
【誤解】醫(yī)生檢查了亞當?shù)奶O果,然后開了一些藥。
【正確】醫(yī)生檢查了他的喉結(jié),然后開了一些藥。
【說明】adam’s apple意思是“喉結(jié)”。
【例句】boys are always acting the goat.
【說明】act/play the goat不能照字面意思理解,而是指“胡鬧”。goat’s wool也不是“山羊的毛”,而是指“不存在的東西”,因為我們都知道,產(chǎn)羊毛的是綿羊,而不是山羊。
【例句】stop acting the fool, will you!
【說明】act the fool是口語,意思是"裝模作樣"、"裝傻"。
45. acid test 嚴峻的考驗,真正的考驗
【例句】the acid test will come when the machine goes on sale in china.
【正確】這種機器在中國出售時才是真正的考驗來臨的時候。
【說明】acid test意思是"嚴峻的考驗"、"真正的考驗"。
46. achilles' heel 致命的弱點,致命傷
【例句】john's vanity is his achilles' heel.
【誤解】約翰的虛榮心就是因為他長了一雙阿喀琉斯的腳后跟。
【說明】achilles' heel意思是"致命的弱點"、"致命傷"。典故出自荷馬史詩《伊利亞特》(the iliad)。在特洛伊戰(zhàn)爭中,希臘聯(lián)軍陣營最驍勇善戰(zhàn)的一支軍隊the myrmidons是由achilles率領(lǐng)的。achilles在出生時,他的母親thetis替他做過特殊處理,因此全身刀槍不入。這位英雄除了腳踵(heel)之外身上其他部位都能免受攻擊。不過最后,他的腳踵被人射中,因此死亡。由此西方文化中產(chǎn)部位都能免受攻擊。不過最后,他的腳踵被人射中,因此死亡。由此西方文化中產(chǎn)生了一個說法:achilles' heel(最弱處)。
47. accept the face of 偏愛,偏袒
【例句】the woman accepted the face of her son.
【說明】accept the face of也可寫作accept the person of,意思是"偏愛"、"偏袒"。
48. absence of mind 心不在焉,精神不集中
【例句】his absence of mind in driving caused the accident.
【正確】他開車時心不在焉導(dǎo)致了這起事故。
【說明】absence of mind意思是"心不在焉"、"精神不集中"。漢語的"缺心眼"實指某人腦子不夠用、智力低于一般人,與英語的absence of mind意思不同。
49. above water 擺脫困境/麻煩/債務(wù)
【例句】he managed to keep himself above water.
【說明】above water是個習(xí)慣說法,意思是"擺脫困境"、"擺脫麻煩"、"擺脫債務(wù)"等。例如:
with prices being what they are, it is difficult for a family to keep above water with one bread winner. 物價情況如此,一個家庭靠一個人掙錢難免要負債的。
【例句】john was taken up above the salt.
【說明】above the salt 是習(xí)語,意為"在上席(源于舊時宴禮,上席是離席上鹽瓶最近的席位)",其反義詞則為below the salt,意為"在下席"。
【例句】he was admitted to harvard university and felt above himself.
【誤解】他被哈佛大學(xué)錄取,于是覺得超越了自我。
【正確】他被哈佛大學(xué)錄取,于是便自命不凡。
【說明】above oneself 意思是"自命不凡"。
【說明】a-bomb中的a是atom(原子)的第一個字母,a-bomb意思是"原子彈"。
【例句】the deal is completely above board.
【說明】above board是習(xí)語,意思是"光明正大的"。
【例句】her brother is an able seaman.
【說明】able seaman意思是"一等水手",在英國英語中可指"一等水兵"。
55. a bed of roses 使人心情愉快的地方、職位、工作等
【例句】young people think that marriage will be a bed of roses.
【說明】a bed of roses可以指任何"使人心情愉快、賞心悅目的地方、職位、工作等"。與它意思相近的短語還有a bowl of cherries。例如:
life is not always a bed of roses. 生活未必都是稱心如意的。
56. a baker's dozen 一打加一,13(個)
【例句】she wanted to buy ten cakes, but he gave her a baker's dozen.
【說明】dozen指的是一打,也就是12個,如 a dozen pencils (一打鉛筆),dozens of people(幾十個人)。但是,a baker's dozen的意思卻是"一打加一"、"13(個)"。
據(jù)說,以前面包師的名聲不好,賣面包總是缺斤短兩。為此,官方作了規(guī)定,凡出售面包糕點缺斤短兩者,一概受罰。但是當時的計量器比較粗糙,難以保證足秤,為保險起見,凡買一打面包者,面包師便多給一個,因此,a baker's dozen 便表示12加1.即13.例如:
when we counted the apples, we found that we had bought just a baker's dozen. 我們數(shù)了一下蘋果,發(fā)現(xiàn)正好買了13個。
【例句】she didn't see aaron's beard on the table.
【說明】aaron's beard是一種植物,意思是"金絲桃",不是"艾倫的胡子"。
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