緊接 上一講 的“敢”，這一講來介紹幾個(gè)“不敢”的說法。 上一講 共介紹了 6 個(gè)“敢”，我們先來回顧一下：
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be brave enough to do something |
|
have the courage to do something |
|
dare |
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have the guts to do something |
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have the nerve to do something |
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find/ get up/ pluck up/ summon up the
courage to do something |
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以上6個(gè)表達(dá)都可以加上“not”表示“不敢”的。如：
1. not dare to: to not be brave
enough to do something because you are afraid of what might happen if you do it
例：
The older boys used to bully me but I didn't
dare to complain.（以前大孩子們總欺負(fù)我，但我不敢有怨言。）
Billy stood on top of the rock, not daring
to jump down.（比利站在巖石頂上就是不敢跳。）
I wanted to ask Dad for the money but I
didn't dare to.（我想向爸爸要錢，但是又不敢。）
備注：上一次提過dare可以是動(dòng)詞，也可以是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。要加上“不”的意思的話，動(dòng)詞就是not dare to do something，情景態(tài)詞就變成dare not do something。
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2. not have the guts: not to be brave
enough to do something that people think you should do
與''have the
guts to do something''類似，這也是個(gè)口語用法。
例：
He wouldn't have the guts to say that to
me.（他不敢跟我說那個(gè)。）
I planned to ask my boss for a raise but in
the end I didn't have the guts.（我本想跟老板談加薪的事，但最后我又不敢說。）
Peg has done all the things I never had the
guts to try.（我沒膽做的那些事，Peg都做過。）
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3. not have the nerve to do something: not to be brave or confident enough to do something because you
think it is too difficult, dangerous or embarrassing
例：
I'd love to quit my job and go back to
college but I don't have the nerve.（我想辭職再重新回到大學(xué)讀書，但我又沒勇氣這么做。）
He doesn't have the nerve to tell the boss
what he really thinks of her.（他沒膽子告訴老板自己心中對(duì)她的真實(shí)想法。）
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不加''not''也可以，把有些動(dòng)詞改成它的反義詞就行了，如：
1.be without guts, lack guts：膽小
可以看做是''have the
guts''的反義詞。
例：
Joe is a weak character, without guts or ambition.（喬是個(gè)軟弱的人，沒膽色、沒野心。）
She's intelligent enough, but she lacks guts.（她夠聰明，但是太膽小。）
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2. lose your nerve: to suddenly lose
the confidence and calmness that you need to do something dangerous or frightening（突然間）喪失勇氣、退縮；臨陣退縮
可以看成是''have
the nerve''的反義詞。
例：
Dan wanted to ask his boss for a day off
but he lost his nerve at the last minute.（丹想向老板請(qǐng)一天假，但是他臨陣退縮了不敢請(qǐng)。）
I stood at the top of the ski-slope for a
minute then lost my nerve.（我在滑雪坡道頂端站了一分鐘就退縮了，不敢滑下去。）
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再補(bǔ)充一種口語的說法：
chicken out/ wimp out: to decide at the last moment not to do something you said you
would do, because you are afraid：臨陣退縮
例：
You're not chickening out, are you? （你不是要臨陣退縮吧？）
I was supposed to make the introductory
speech, but I chickened out at the last minute. （我本來要做開場(chǎng)演說的，但是卻在最后關(guān)頭臨陣退縮了。）
She chickened out of telling her father
that she and David were going to live together. （最后她還是不敢告訴她父親她和戴維要同居的事。）
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