與“借口”有關(guān)的英語說法

2014年8月30日 15:23:13

在正式講解之前,我們來先看兩句話:

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(一):電影《逍遙法外》

I have a note to miss fifth and sixth period today. Doctor's appointment.(我今天第5、6兩節(jié)課要請假去看醫(yī)生。)

解析:這里的note指“請假條”,美式英語中常用''excuse'',英式英語中常用''sick note''。

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(二):美劇《老爸老媽浪漫史》

Fake emergency? That’s the lamest, most pathetic cop-out in the book.(騙人的緊急情況?。磕强墒鞘飞献铛磕_最牽強(qiáng)的借口了。)

解析:這里的cop-out指“借口”,是口語的說法,書面語不能用這個(gè),得用excuse。

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以此為契機(jī),這一講來講下excuse的用法。

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1. 與動(dòng)詞的搭配:找借口的幾種說法

???? make up/ think up/ invent an excuse: 編個(gè)理由,找個(gè)借口

例:

I made up some excuses about my car breaking down. (我編了些借口說我車壞了。)

We'd better think up an excuse, fast! (我們最好編個(gè)理由,趕緊的?。?/span>

???? make excuses for somebody/something: 找借口開脫

例:

His mother is always making excuses for his son's behavior. (他母親總為自己兒子的行為找理由來開脫。)

???? use something as an excuse: 把……作為理由

例:

She never complained or used her illness as an excuse. (她從不抱怨,也不把生病作為理由。)

???? look for an excuse:找借口

例:

I began to look for excuses to avoid seeing him. (我開始找借口避免見他。)

???? give an excuse: 找借口說給某人聽

例:

I'll have to give my boss some kind of excuse. (我得找些借口說給我的老板。)

believe/accept an excuse:

例:

She didn't believe his excuse for one minute.(她根本不相信他的理由。)

???? have no excuse: 沒有理由

例:

Companies have no excuse for breaking the law. (公司沒有理由觸犯法律。)

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2. 與形容詞的搭配:好借口、爛借口、蹩腳的借口……該怎么說?

???? a good excuse: 好借口/好理由

例:

A sunny day is a good excuse to go to the beach. (正好趁晴天去海邊。)

???? a wonderful excuse: 很棒的理由

例:

A wedding is a wonderful excuse to buy a new outfit. (趁著婚禮,正好買套新衣服。)

備注:wonderfulgood更進(jìn)一步,means ''very good''。

???? a reasonable/plausible excuse:=one that other people will believe可信的理由

例:

If your train was canceled, it was a perfectly reasonable excuse.(如果你那趟列車被取消了,這個(gè)理由就太完美了。)

???? a legitimate/valid excuse: 合情合理的理由

例:

He didn't have a legitimate excuse for being late. (他沒有為自己的遲到給出合理的解釋。)

備注:legitimate/valid=fair, reasonable

???? the perfect excuse: 完美的理由/借口

例:

The phone call gave me the perfect excuse to leave. (這通電話給了我完美的借口離場。)

???? a feeble/flimsy/weak excuse:=one that is difficult to believe不足信的借口

例:

John muttered some feeble excuses about having a headache. (約翰嘟囔著頭疼這種不可信的借口。)

???? a pathetic/lame excuse:=very weak蹩腳、非常不可信的理由

例:

That's the most pathetic excuse I've ever heard. (這是我聽過的最蠢的借口。)

???? the usual excuse/ the same old excuse 老生常談的借口,老招兒

例:

He made the usual excuse for not coming. (他又用老一套借口來解釋自己沒來的原因。)

Whenever the trains are late, it's always the same old excuse.(每次列車晚點(diǎn),原因都一樣,老生常談。)

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總結(jié)一下,上面的“借口”可以分成3類(按程度不同記憶):

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好借口

a good excuse

非常好

a wonderful excuse

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合理、可信

a reasonable/plausible excuse, a legitimate/valid excuse

完美

the perfect excuse

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???????? 爛借口

不足信

a feeble/flimsy/weak excuse

蹩腳、非常不可信

a pathetic/lame excuse

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???????? 老借口

老生常談

the usual excuse/ the same old excuse

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3.相關(guān)詞組

use every excuse in the book:=use every possible excuse 找盡一切借口

例:

He used every excuse in the book to avoid seeing the doctor.(他找盡一切借口不去看醫(yī)生。)

at the slightest excuse:=for any reason, however unimportant 找各種(無足輕重的)理由

例:

She came to our house at the slightest excuse.(她找了各種各樣雞毛蒜皮的理由來我們家。)

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